Chinese parasol tree, Phoenix tree, Japanese varnish tree, Chinese bottle tree
It is a subtropical plant. It is native to E Asia. It can grow in light shade. It needs wind protection. It can tolerate salt spray. It can stand very light frosts. It is best in well drained loams. It can tolerate fairly acid or alkaline soils. It suits hardiness zones 7-10. Hobart Botanical Gardens. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Also known as:
Kadaya, Kudal, Kullu, Kuthada, Sardol, Thondi, Vennaali, Wutong
Synonyms
- Caucanthus platanifolia (L.) Raf.
- Clompanus pyriformis Kuntze
- Clompanus simplex (L.) Kuntze
- Culhamia hadiensis J. F. Gmel.
- Culhamia platanifolia Steud.
- Culhamia simplex (L.) Nakai
- Culhamia triloba Raf.
- Firmiana chinensis Medik. ex Steud.
- Firmiana planatifolia (Linn. f.) Schott & Endl.
- Firmiana platanifolia var. tomentosa (Thunb.) Sa. Kurata
- Hibiscus simplex Linn.
- Sterculia platanifolia Linn. f.
- Sterculia simplex (L.) Druce
- Sterculia urens Roxb.
Edible Portion
- Seeds, Root tuber, Latex, Gum
Where does Chinese parasol tree grow?
Found in: Africa, Asia, Australia, Britain, China, Himalayas, India, Indochina, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, North America, Pakistan, Philippines, SE Asia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan, Tasmania, United States, Vietnam
Notes: There are 12 Firmiana species. Also put in the family Sterculiaceae.
Growing Chinese parasol tree, Phoenix tree, Japanese varnish tree, Chinese bottle tree
Cultivation: Plants are grown from seed. The seed should be sown as soon as they ripen. The pulp should be washed from the seed. Seedlings should be grown for one year before planting out. They are easy to transplant. Trees should be spaced 6-10 m apart.
Edible Uses: The seeds are cooked and eaten as a delicacy. They are also roasted and used for a tea drink. The gum is used for chocolates.
Nutrition Info
per 100g edible portionEdible Part | Energy (kcal) | Protein (g) | Iron (mg) | Vitamin A (ug) | Vitamin c (mg) | Zinc (mg) | % Water |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seeds dried | 533 | 20 | 4.8 | - | - | - | 2.5 |
References
Arinathan, V., et al, 2007, Wild edibles used by Palliyars of the western Ghats, Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 6(1) pp 163-168 (As Sterculia urens)
Cundall, P., (ed.), 2004, Gardening Australia: flora: the gardener's bible. ABC Books. p 605
Dobriyal, M. J. R. & Dobriyal, R., 2014, Non Wood Forest Produce an Option for Ethnic Food and Nutritional Security in India. Int. J. of Usuf. Mngt. 15(1):17-37 (As Sterculia urens)
Etherington, K., & Imwold, D., (Eds), 2001, Botanica's Trees & Shrubs. The illustrated A-Z of over 8500 trees and shrubs. Random House, Australia. p 329
Flora of Pakistan. www.eFloras.org
Food Composition Tables for use in East Asia FAO http://www.fao.org/infoods/directory No. 331
Hanelt, P. (Ed.), Mansfeld's Encyclopedia Vol. 4 (As Sterculia urens)
Hibbert, M., 2002, The Aussie Plant Finder 2002, Florilegium. p 102
Hu, Shiu-ying, 2005, Food Plants of China. The Chinese University Press. p 545
Jadhav, R., et al, 2015, Forest Foods of Northern Western Ghats: Mode of Consumption, Nutrition and Availability. Asian Agri-History Vol. 19, No. 4: 293-317 (As Sterculia urens)
Little, E.L., 1980, National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees. Alfred A. Knopf. p 602
Lord, E.E., & Willis, J.H., 1999, Shrubs and Trees for Australian gardens. Lothian. p 56
Lyle, S., 2006, Discovering fruit and nuts. Land Links. p 208
Pandy, R. K. & Saini, S. K., 2007, Edible plants of tropical forests among tribal communities of Madhya Pradesh. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 6(1), pp 185-190 (As Sterculia urens)
Plants for a Future database, The Field, Penpol, Lostwithiel, Cornwall, PL22 0NG, UK. http://www.scs.leeds.ac.uk/pfaf/
Ryan, S., 2008, Dicksonia. Rare Plants Manual. Hyland House. p 27
Saidulu, P. et al, 2015, Ethnobotanical Knowledge Studied in Pocharam Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India. Not Sci Biol, 2015, 7(2):164 -170
Toppo, P. et al, 2016, Wild edible plants of Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh, India. Van Sangyan Vol. 3, No. 4 (As Sterculia urens)
U.S.D.A. Bur. Pl. Industr. Bull. 142:67. 1909
Valder, P., 1999, The Garden Plants of China. Florilegium. p 286
World Checklist of Useful Plant Species 2020. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/treedb/ (As Sterculia urens)
Yesodharan, K. & Sujana, K. A., 2007, Wild edible plants traditionally used by the tribes in the Parambokulam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India. Natural Product Radiance 6(1) pp 74-80