Durian

Where does Durian grow?

Found in: Africa, Asia, Australia, Bougainville, Brazil, Cambodia, Central America, China, Cook Islands, Cuba, Dominica, East Africa, Fiji, French Polynesia, FSM, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Jamaica, Laos, Malaysia, Mexico, Myanmar, Pacific, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Philippines, Pohnpei, Puerto Rico, SE Asia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South America, Sri Lanka, Tahiti, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Trinidad, United States, Vanuatu, Vietnam, West Papua

Notes: There are about 20 Durio species. The family has been Bombacaeceae. Also put in the family Durionaceae. Fruit are high in folates 400μg/100.

Status: Very common in Indonesia and Malaysia. Introduced into several coastal areas of Papua New Guinea and plantings are increasing. At present fruit are mainly used by Asians.

Growing Durian

Cultivation: Trees grow readily from seed. Seeds need to be fresh. Seeds germinate in about 3 days and can be transplanted in about 4 weeks. Seeds do not breed true. Trees fruit about 7 years after planting. Trees can be grown by budding or grafting. A spacing of at least 14 m between plants is needed. Grafted trees seldom reach 20 m height. Heavy mulching near the trunk can help patch canker (Phytophthora palmivora) to develop. Trees should be pruned and shaped for uniform branching and by topping to reduce excessive growth and give optimum production.

Edible Uses: The flesh around the seeds is eaten. Fruit need to be eaten within 2 days of falling from the tree. Fruit should only be opened at time of eating as the flesh goes sour. The unripe fruit can be cooked as a vegetable. Fruit are also processed for ice-creams and desserts. The seeds are edible, usually cooked. The young leaves and shoots can be cooked and eaten. The raw fruit is used as a vegetable or in soups.

Production: Grafted trees can produce in 4-5 years but seedling trees take 10 years. Flowers are cross pollinated by bats. Normally flowers cannot self pollinate. Flowers open in the afternoon and fall by next morning. Up to 50 fruit can be produced per tree per year. Between 0 and 400 fruit can grow on one tree and this varies with season. Fruit can be up to 3-5 kg weight. Fruiting is seasonal. Fruit take between 90 to 130 days from flowering to maturity depending on variety.

Nutrition Info

Durian Photos

References

Durian references

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