Horseradish tree, Drumstick Tree, Moringa

Where does Horseradish tree grow?

Found in: Afghanistan, Africa, Andamans, Angola, Antigua-Barbuda, Aruba, Asia, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bhutan, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Caribbean, Central Africa, Central African Republic, CAR, Central America, Chad, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo DR, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Curacao, Dominican Republic, East Africa, East Timor, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, French Guiana, FSM, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guam, Guatemala, Guiana, Guianas, Guinea, Guinée, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Himalayas, Honduras, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Africa, North America, Northeastern India, NW India, Oman, Pacific, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Paraguay, Philippines, Pohnpei, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Rwanda, Sahel, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, SE Asia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Sikkim, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Southern Africa, South America, Sri Lanka, St Kitts, Sudan, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, UAE, United States, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands, West Africa, West Indies, West Timor, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Notes: There are 13 Moringa species. The seeds contain a powerful flocculant useful in clarifying turbid water. The leaves are very high in Vitamin A, C, iron and protein. Chemical composition (after Abdelmuti): Protein (crude) = 15.6% (dry). Fat = 10.1% (dry). Fibre (crude) = 5.1% (dry). Ash = 11.5% (dry). Carbohydrate (soluble): Starch = 5.1% (dry). Sucrose = 5.5% (dry). D-glucose = 1.3% (dry). F-fructose = 1.5% (dry). Amino acids (g [16g N]-1): Aspartic acid = 10.4g. Threonine = 5.3g. Serine = 4.7g. Glutamic acid = 13.3g. Proline = 4.4g. Glycine = 6.4g. Alanine = 7.3g. Valine = 6.8g. Cysteine = 0.8g. Methionine = 1.8g. Isoleucine = 5.6g. Leucine = 10.9g. Tyrosine = 4.7g. Phenylalanine = 6.6g. Lysine = 6.1g. Histidine = 2.4g. Arginine = 6.6g. Minerals: Sulphur = 0.23% (dry). Postassium = 0.14% (dry). Magnesium = 0.69% (dry). Calcium = 3.18% (dry). Na = 0.16% (dry). K =0.91% (dry). Zinc = 15mg/kg-1 (dry). Iron = 854mg/kg -1 (dry). Manganese = 79mg/kg-1 (dry). Copper = 5mg/kg-1 (dry). Leaves rich in Vitamins A and C. It can be invasive. It has 16.2 mg per 100 g dry weight and 9.0 mg fresh weight of alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E).

Status: It is sold in markets. An introduced tree probably not widely used for food in Papua New Guinea. Its planting and use should be encouraged.

Growing Horseradish tree, Drumstick Tree, Moringa

Cultivation: It is best to grow plants from 1 metre long cuttings but they can be grown from seed. They can be used as a hedge and pruned regularly to produce more leaves. Properly dried seed can be stored for a long time in sealed containers in a cool place. Normally perennial types are grown from cuttings and annual types are grown from seed.

Edible Uses: The young tops and leaves are eaten cooked. They are eaten as potherbs or used in soups and curries. They can be dried and stored for later use. The flowers are also used for curries. The very young long pods are eaten cooked, especially in curries and soup. They are also pickled. The young seeds are eaten roasted or fried. Sometimes the roots are used as a horseradish substitute. A gum from the bark is used as seasoning. The bark is used for tea. The roots, leaves, flowers and fruits are eaten cooked in water and mixed with salt and chili peppers. The oil expressed from the seeds is used in salads.

Production: Trees are fast growing. They can be pruned or topped. With one variety the tree flowers and fruits continuously while with the other variety there are flowers and fruit once per year. The fruit ripens 3 months after flowering. Annual types produce fruit 6 months after planting. Leaves are best dried in the shade to retain more of their Vitamin A.

Nutrition Info

Horseradish tree, Drumstick Tree, Moringa Photos

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