Indian spinach

Where does Indian spinach grow?

Found in: Africa, Algeria, Amazon, Andamans, Angola, Asia, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Islands, Central Africa, Central African Republic, CAR, China, Congo DR, Cook Islands, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Africa, East Timor, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Ghana, Guiana, Guianas, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Himalayas, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Laos, Lesser Antilles, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, North Africa, North America, Northeastern India, Pacific, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, SE Asia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Southern Africa, South America, Sri Lanka, Sudan, South Sudan, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United States, Vanuatu, Vietnam, West Africa, West Indies, Zambia

Notes: Chemical composition (after Hooper): Water = 92.00% (fresh). Fat = 6.87% (dry). Albumenoids = 20.42% (dry). Carbohydrates = 32.90% (dry). Fibre = 11.55% (dry). Ash = 28.27% (dry). Nitrogen = 3.27% (dry). Phosphoric acid = 1.32% (dry). Silicates = 6.70% (dry). The nutritive value of the leaves and young shoot is very high in terms of minerals and vitamins. It is gently laxative and slightly medicinal.

Status: It is a commercially cultivated vegetable. It has been encouraged and accepted in some coastal areas of Papua New Guinea. Leaves are sold in local markets. It is popular in East Tanzania.

Growing Indian spinach

Cultivation: It can be sown from seeds or cuttings. Seeds germinate in a few days. Normally sticks are provided for support or it is allowed to grow over fences and stumps. If seeds are used, 3 kg of seed will sow one hectare and they are best sown in a nursery and transplanted. A spacing of 1 m is suitable. Plants grown from seed are more productive than from cuttings. When cuttings are used, 20-25 cm long cuttings are suitable. Where the plant grows over light soil it can root at the nodes and continue growing continually. Partial shade, rich fertile soil and adequate moisture favour abundant leaf production. It is responsive to nitrogen fertiliser. Light shade gives bigger leaves. It requires a trellis to climb over. Frequently picking off the bud encourages branching.

Edible Uses: The young shoots and leaves are eaten cooked. They are somewhat slimy. In soups and stews the mucilage can be used as thickening. The purple colour of fruit is harmless and is used to colour vegetables and agar-agar. Some lemon juice added to the dye enhances the colour. The leaves can be eaten raw in salads or cooked like a vegetable. They are also dried and stored. When fresh they can be stored for 4-5 days. The seeds can be crushed to use as an edible dye for jellies. The leaves are used to make tea.

Production: It is 4-6 weeks until the first harvest. It grows reasonably well on poor soils and is fairly resistant to pest and disease. Leaves will only store for one day at 20-30°C. Yields of 40 kg of leaves from a 10 metre square bed is possible over 75 days. Leaves are plucked from the vine.

Nutrition Info

Indian spinach Photos

References

Indian spinach references

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