Mango

Where does Mango grow?

Found in: Africa, Amazon, American Samoa, Andamans, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Asia, Australia, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bougainville, Brazil, British Indian Ocean Terr., BIOT, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cambodia, Central Africa, Central African Republic, CAR, Central America, Chad, China, Chuuk, Colombia, Congo DR, Congo R, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Curacao, Dominica, Dominican Republic, East Africa, East Timor, Ecuador, Equatorial-Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, FSM, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guam, Guatemala, Guianas, Guinea, Guinée, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Himalayas, Honduras, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Iran, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Laos, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mariana Islands, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Martinique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, North America, Northeastern India, NW India, Oman, Pacific, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Peru, Philippines, Pohnpei, Puerto Rico, Rotuma, Sahel, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, SE Asia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Sikkim, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Southern Africa, South America, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, St Helena, St. Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St. Vincent and Grenadines, Suriname, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tokelau, Tonga, Torres Strait, Trinidad, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, UAE, United States, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands, Wallis & Futuna, West Africa, West Indies, West Timor, Yap, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Notes: Mature fruit are higher in Vitamin C and A than oranges. There are about 40 Mangifera species. The synonyms are unresolved names in The Plant List.It probably has anti-cancer properties. Fruit are high in folates 56-75μg/100.

Status: Very popular and important in seasonally dry lowlands. About 20 million tons of mangoes are harvested each year.

Growing Mango

Cultivation: Trees are grown by planting fresh seed and they can be transplanted. Mangoes vary in their ability to breed true from seed. When more than one seedling emerges from the seed some of these are asexual and breed true. Clean seed germinate best if they are treated at 50°C for 20 minutes, then planted on their edge with the round bulge upwards and near the soil surface. The husk around the seed should be removed. Seeds germinate in 3-6 weeks. The strongest growing seedlings from this seed are used and the others thrown away. The seedlings from the folds of the seed are vegetative while the seedling from the centre of the seedling near the stalk end may be sexual and show variation from type. Other seeds only produce one seedling and these normally vary and can be different from the parent tree. Plants can be propagated by budding, or by grafting using in-arching. This is not easy. Cuttings grow with care. In wetter places flowers need to be protected with fungicides to enable fruit to form. If organic manure is used this should not be directly in the planting hole nor immediately against the new plant. Young transplanted seedlings need regular watering. A spacing of 6-12 m between plants is used. Wind protection is advisable to prevent fruit rubbing and getting damaged. Trees should only ever be lightly pruned as fruit develop on new growth and heavy pruning can reduce flowering. Flowering can be brought about by foliar sprays of potassium nitrate.

Edible Uses: Ripe fruit are eaten raw. Unripe fruit is pickled. Seeds can be eaten cooked. They are boiled or roasted. They are made into meal by powdering. Young leaves can be eaten raw or cooked. Amchur is made from the dried unripe fruit. This is used in curries, and pickles and chutneys. The seed kernels are used for famine food in India. They are boiled, roasted or soaked to remove the bitterness. Caution: The sap from the tree or fruit can cause skin problems with some people.

Production: Seeds germinate after about 20 days. Seedling trees produce after 4-6 years and increase in production up to 20 years. Trees often bear better each second year. Rain at flowering reduces fruit setting. Fruiting is at the end of the year. Fruit take 4-5 months to mature. Fruit vary in weight from 200 to 1,000 g. Trees can produce one million flowers but only 500 fruit. Trees last for many years.

Nutrition Info

Mango Photos

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