Pawpaw, Papaya

Where does Pawpaw grow?

Found in: Afghanistan, Africa, Amazon, American Samoa, Andamans, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Asia, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bolivia, Bougainville, Brazil, British Indian Ocean Terr., BIOT, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caribbean, Caroline Islands, Central Africa, Central America, Chile, China, Christmas Island, Chuuk, Colombia, Congo DR, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, East Africa, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, FSM, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guatemala, Guianas, Guinea, Guinée, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Himalayas, Honduras, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Laos, Lesser Antilles, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mamao, Mariana Islands, Marquesas, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North America, Northeastern India, Pacific, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Pohnpei, Puerto Rico, Rotuma, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, SE Asia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sikkim, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South America, South Sudan, Southern Africa, Sri Lanka, St Lucia, St. Vincent and Grenadines, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks & Caicos, Tuvalu, Uganda, United States, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands, Wallis and Futuna, West Africa, West Indies, West Papua, West Timor, Yap, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Notes: Now only one species is included and the others are put in the Vasconcellea.It possibly has anti-cancer properties. Fruit are reasonably high in folates 62-97μg/100.

Status: It is a common and cultivated fruit tree. In Papua New Guinea it occurs in all lowland areas in gardens and bush. Trees are near houses in the highlands. The fruit is popular for snacks and baby food. It is sold in local markets.

Growing Pawpaw, Papaya

Cultivation: Pawpaw seeds grow easily and plants grow quickly. Fresh seeds can be used, or if dry seeds are used they should be soaked before planting. Seeds should be planted with a temperature of 24-30°C. To produce well they need a reasonably fertile soil. Seeds can be sown directly or the seeds can be put in a nursery and the seedlings transplanted. Seeds in a nursery should be about 1-2 cm deep. Seedlings can be transplanted when they are about 20 cm high. Plants should be about 3 m apart. Continuous fruit production depends on fertility, temperature and moisture being adequate to maintain active growth. The fruit is produced year round but the growth and development rate decreases with temperature. Also the size and quality of fruit declines at lower temperatures. Pollination is by wind and insects. Normally cross and self pollination both occur. Pollination is not normally limiting. Seeds are widely dispersed by birds, bats and people. Seeds remain viable for a few months and also germinate freely.

Edible Uses: Fruit can be eaten ripe and raw. Green fruit can be cooked as a vegetable. The young leaves can be eaten cooked, but are bitter. The flowers and the middle of the stem can be eaten. Papayas contain papain which is a meat tenderiser. The dried seeds can be used as a spice.

Production: Seeds emerge in 2 to 3 weeks. Vegetative growth before flowering is 4-8 months. Fruit is produced as one or more per leaf axil, about every 1-2 weeks, under good growing conditions. So with good growth 100 fruit can be produced from one plant in a year. Fruit development from pollination to maturity is about 2-3 months. On the coast in tropical equatorial regions, pawpaws start producing fruit after about 4 or 5 months but in the highlands this may not start for 12-18 months. The first fruit produced and ripe, are ready 6-11 months from planting. Practical tree life is about 2 to 3 years, although trees may live for 10-12 years.

Nutrition Info

Pawpaw, Papaya Photos

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