Potato yam

Where does Potato yam grow?

Found in: Africa, American Samoa, Andamans, Angola, Asia, Australia, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bougainville, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central Africa, Central African Republic, CAR, Central America, China, Christmas Island, Chuuk, Colombia, Comoros, Congo DR, Congo R, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Chuuk, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Africa, East Timor, Ethiopia, Fiji, French Polynesia, FSM, Gambia, Ghana, Guam, Guiana, Guianas, Guinea, Guinée, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Himalayas, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Korea, Laos, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marquesas, Mauritius, Micronesia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, New Caledonia, Niger, Nigeria, North America, Northeastern India, Pacific, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Rotuma, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, SE Asia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sikkim, Solomon Islands, Southern Africa, South America, Sri Lanka, St Lucia, Suriname, Tahiti, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Tanzania, Uganda, United States, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Wallis & Futuna, West Africa, West Indies, Yap, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Notes: There are about 650 species of Dioscorea. It can be invasive.

Status: It is a commercially cultivated vegetable. This yam is widely distributed in lowland areas of Papua New Guinea and is a supplementary starchy staple food.

Growing Potato yam

Cultivation: Either the bulbils off the vine, or the underground tubers are planted. Because the vines are long, training them up trees is convenient. The bulbils have to be stored for a period of time before they will sprout. The plant is annual and leaves die off for 1-4 months each year before re-sprouting from the tuber. Bulbils only grow shoots from one end unless the bulbil is cut into pieces. If the larger bulbils are cut, the cut surfaces should be dried and healed in a shady place for 2-3 days before planting. Bulbils are planted 8-12 cm below the surface and spacing can be 100 cm by 100 cm or variations of this. Normally nitrogen and potassium fertilisers give greater responses than phosphorus. Friable well drained soils are most suitable. Often very little cultivation or mounding is done. A high level of organic matter improves yield. Staking is normally required but often trees or living stakes are used. Branched stakes 2 m high are suitable. They need to be strongly erected as vine and tuber growth can be extensive and heavy.

Edible Uses: The tubers are cooked and eaten. More commonly the aerial bulbils are eaten after cooking. Often the cooking water is changed a couple of times to remove bitterness. Some kinds are bitter and inedible or at least require special processing and cooking. Some varieties are poisonous. Some can cause act as contraceptives.

Production: Bulbils or aerial yams are produced as soon as leaves begin to unfold and continue until the plant reaches maturity. These aerial tubers often fall from the plant. Harvesting can start 3 months after planting but immature tubers have less starch. Underground tubers are normally not harvested until the leaves die back. Wounds and damage to the tuber surface normally heals naturally given dry aerated conditions. Some varieties have aerial tubers which are seasonally dormant and only grow after an extended period of storage. Others germinate relatively quickly.

Nutrition Info

Potato yam Photos

References

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