Edible Plants of the World

Quail grass, Cock’s comb

Quail grass, Cock’s comb

It is a tropical plant. It grows well in the lowlands humid forest zone. It suits damp humid places and is often on clayey soil. The plant is widespread as a wild plant at low altitudes. It grows up to 1700 m in Ethiopia. Temperatures between 25-30°C at night and 30-35°C in the day are best. It needs good sunlight and does best in soils with high organic matter. It can grow in light shade and in dry conditions. In Nepal it grows up to 1600 m altitude. It can grow in arid places. In Yunnan. In Sichuan.

Also known as:

Adefo, Aem, Alefo, Anandasoa, Anne soppu, Avunvo, Ayinkpinnan, Bayam ekor belanda, Bayam ekur kuching, Bayam merah, Borocho, Bostan afras, Chare maguri, Chinese Cock’s Comb, Dedogime, Dhura dru, Ekaliyo, Foxtail amaranth, Garka, Gurugu, Guruvu kura, Horbaita, Huldi murga, Jengger ayam, Ji guan hua, Kanju, Kima arxa, Kodijuttutotakura, Kokan, Koontha, Kukudda, Kunjru, Kurada, Kurdu, Kyet-mauk, Kyet -monk, Lagos spinach, Lahenga, Lal murga, Lal murghka, Lambadi, Lapadi, Lasor, Leheti sak, Lunadalandala, Maendeurami, Makhumaa, Mamiratsy, Mawal, Mayura-shikha, Mesor, Mora shikha, Morogful shak, Morogihutishak, Ninga, Niu mu wo, Nyaayu, Panchechettu, Pannae, Pannai, Pila murghka, Pile murghka, Safed murga-ka-phul, Saigatya, Salara, Sankokolo, Sarpankha, Sarwari, Sawari, Shelar, Sifaid murgha, Silairi, Silgizara, Siliari sag, Siliyari, Silver and red foxtail, Silwari, Sirgit ara, Sirmali, Soko pupa, Sokoyokoto, Soman, Somon, Srebrna celozija, Suggi sak, Surli, Surwari, Suwari, Swet morog, Swetmurga, Taji khoros, Tambadi, Tchokoyokoto, Tetekpkpo, Tinonyawouti, Tipekenonte, Torcha, Torchata, Vitunna, Zo-ci

Synonyms

Edible Portion

Where does Quail grass grow?

Found in: Africa, Angola, Argentina, Asia, Australia, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central Africa, Central African Republic, CAR, Chad, China, Congo DR, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Dominican Republic, East Africa, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guiana, Guianas, Guinea, Guinée, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Himalayas, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Korea, Laos, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Marquesas, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Northeastern India, Oman, Pacific, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Paraguay, Philippines, Russia, Sao Tome and Principe, SE Asia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sikkim, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South America, Southern Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United States, Vietnam, Wallis and Futuna, West Africa, West Indies, Yemen, Zambia

Notes: Leaves contain nitre which makes them diuretic. There are about 40-50 Celosia species. The leaves are rich in iron and therefore good for anaemia.

Status: It is an important and nutritious vegetable. It is sold year round in markets. Grown as an ornamental in Papua New Guinea, but not often used as a food.

Growing Quail grass, Cock’s comb

Cultivation: The plant can be grown by seeds. The seeds are very small so can be mixed with sand to allow more even sowing. These plants are often grown just as ornamentals. The seed are broadcast then mulched with dry grass, which is removed once the seeds have germinated. Seedlings do not transplant easily. They can be transplanted after 2-3 weeks. It is good for intercropping amongst other vegetables.

Edible Uses: The tender leaves and young flowers are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. It is best eaten before flowering. The dried leaves can be added to wheat flour and cooked. They are used in soups, sauces and stews. It is used a flavouring. An edible oil can be extracted from the seeds. The red colouring from the flowers can be used to colour lamb stew red. They are also used for pan fried cake.

Production: Harvesting of leaves can commence about 4-5 weeks after planting. Tops can be cut off over a period of 3-5 months. It grows slowly at first, therefore repeated picking of tips gives better production than harvesting whole small plants.

Nutrition Info

per 100g edible portion

Edible Part Energy (kcal) Protein (g) Iron (mg) Vitamin A (ug) Vitamin c (mg) Zinc (mg) % Water
Leaves 44 4.7 7.8 - 33 - 84
Seeds - oil - - - - - -

Quail grass, Cock’s comb Photos

Quail grass, Cock’s comb Quail grass, Cock’s comb Quail grass, Cock’s comb Quail grass, Cock’s comb Quail grass, Cock’s comb

References

Abbiw, D.K., 1990, Useful Plants of Ghana. West African uses of wild and cultivated plants. Intermediate Technology Publications and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. p 40

Achigan-Dako, E, et al (Eds), 2009, Catalogue of Traditional Vegetables in Benin. International Foundation for Science.

Addis, G., et al, 2013, Dietary values of wild and semi-wild edible plants in Southern Ethiopia. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development. 13(2) (Recalculated from dmb)

Addis, G., Asfaw, Z & Woldu, Z., 2013, Ethnobotany of Wild and Semi-wild Edible Plants of Konso Ethnic Community, South Ethiopia. Ethnobotany Research and Applications. 11:121-141

Addis, G., et al, 2013, The Role of Wild and Semi-wild Edible Plants in Household Food Sovereignty in Hamer and Konso Communities, South Ethiopia. Ethnobotany Research & Applications. 11:251-271

Adebooye, O. C. et al, 2005, Seed constraint to cultivation and productivity of African indigenous leaf vegetables. African Journal of Biotechnology 4(13) pp 1480-1484 (As Celosia cristata)

Altschul, S.V.R., 1973, Drugs and Foods from Little-known Plants. Notes in Harvard University Herbaria. Harvard Univ. Press. Massachusetts. no. 888, 889 (Also as Celosia cristata)

Ambasta S.P. (Ed.), 2000, The Useful Plants of India. CSIR India. p 113, p 114 (As Celosia cristata)

Ara, R. I. T., 2015, Leafy Vegetables in Bangladesh. Photon eBooks. p 20 (As Celosia cristata)

Bandyopadhyay, S. et al, 2009, Wild edible plants of Koch Bihar district, West Bengal. Natural Products Radiance 8(1) 64-72

Barua, U., et al, 2007, Wild edible plants of Majuli island and Darrang districts of Assam. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 6(1) pp 191-194

Bhogaonkar, P. Y. & Devarkar, V. D., 2018, Inventory for ethnovegetable knowledge of the tribals of Satpura hill area-Melghat, Dist. Amravati (India), Plantae Scientia, 2018; Vol. 01 Issue 01: 01-08

Bodkin, F., 1991, Encyclopedia Botanica. Cornstalk publishing, p 233 (Also as Celosia cristata)

Boedecker, J., et al, 2014, Dietary contribution of Wild Edible Plants to women’s diets in the buffer zone around the Lama forest, Benin – an underutilized potential. Food Sec. 6:833–849

Borrell, O.W., 1989, An Annotated Checklist of the Flora of Kairiru Island, New Guinea. Marcellin College, Victoria Australia. p 47

Brickell, C. (Ed.), 1999, The Royal Horticultural Society A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants. Convent Garden Books. p 243

Burkill, H. M., 1985, The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1. Kew.

Burkill, I.H., 1966, A Dictionary of the Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Vol 1 (A-H) p 512 (Also as Celosia cristata)

Burnie, G. (Ed.), 2003, Annuals and Bulbs. The Gardener's Handbooks. Fog City Press. p 137

Busson, 1965,

Catarino, L., et al, 2016, Ecological data in support of an analysis of Guinea-Bissau's medicinal flora. Data in Brief 7 (2016):1078-1097

Chandrakumar, P., et al, 2015, Ethnobotanical studies of wild edible plants of Gond, Halba and Kawar tribes of Salekasa Taluka, Gondia District, Maharashtra State, India. International Research Journal of Pharmacy 6(8)

Chowdery, T., et al, 2014, Wild edible plants of Uttar Dinajpur District, West Bengal. Life Science Leaflets. 47:pp 20-36 http://lifesciencesleaflets.ning.com

Chowdhury, M. & Mukherjee, R., 2012, Wild Edible Plants Consumed by Local Communities of Maldah of West Bengal, India. Indian J.Sci.Res.3(2) : 163-170

Codjia, J. T. C., et al, 2003, Diversity and local valorisation of vegetal edible products in Benin. Cahiers Agricultures 12:1-12

Cundall, P., (ed.), 2004, Gardening Australia: flora: the gardener's bible. ABC Books. p 352

Dalziel, J. M., 1937, The Useful plants of west tropical Africa. Crown Agents for the Colonies London.

Dansi, A., et al, 2008, Traditional leafy vegetables and their use in the Benin Republic. Genet Resour Crop Evol (2008) 55:1239–1256

Datar, M. N. & Upadhye, A. S., 2015, Forest foods of Northern Western Ghats: Mode of Consumption, Nutrition, and Availability. Asian Agri-History Vol. 19, No. 4, 2015 (293–316)

Denton, O.A., 2004. Celosia argentea L. [Internet] Record from Protabase. Grubben, G.J.H. & Denton, O.A. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa), Wageningen, Netherlands. < http://database.prota.org/search.htm>. Accessed 14 October 2009.

Devarkar, V. D., et al, 2011, Dietary and Medicinal Significance of Wild Vegetables from Osmanabad Region, Maharashtra (India). Life sciences Leaflets 11:317-332.

Dey, A. & Mukhererjee, A., 2015, Living and Survival Amidst Hunger: Wild Edible Botanicals as a Prime Forest Productivity in the Rural Purulia District, West Bengal, India from Colonial to Present. Research Journal of Forestry 9(3): 71-86

Dhyani, S.K., & Sharma, R.V., 1987, Exploration of Socio-economic plant resources of Vyasi Valley in Tehri Garwhal. J. Econ. Tax. Bot. Vol. 9 No. 2 pp 299-310

Dobriyal, M. J. R. & Dobriyal, R., 2014, Non Wood Forest Produce an Option for Ethnic Food and Nutritional Security in India. Int. J. of Usuf. Mngt. 15(1):17-37

Duguma, H. T., 2020, Wild Edible Plant Nutritional Contribution and Consumer Perception in Ethiopia. Hindawi International Journal of Food Science Volume 2020, Article ID 2958623, 16 pages

Epenhuijsen C.W. van., 1974, Growing Native vegetables in Nigeria. FAO Rome, p 47

Facciola, S., 1998, Cornucopia 2: a Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, p 9, (As Celosia argentea f. cristata)

FAO, 1988, Traditional Food Plants, FAO Food and Nutrition Paper 42. FAO Rome p 168

Flora of Solomon Islands

Fowler, D. G., 2007, Zambian Plants: Their Vernacular Names and Uses. Kew. p 7

Fox, F. W. & Young, M. E. N., 1982, Food from the Veld. Delta Books. p 70

French, B.R., 1986, Food Plants of Papua New Guinea, A Compendium. Asia Pacific Science Foundation p 78

French, B.R., 2010, Food Plants of Solomon Islands. A Compendium. Food Plants International Inc. p 307

GAMMIE (Also as Celosia cristata)

Goode, P., 1989, Edible Plants of Uganda. FAO p 30

Grivetti, L. E., 1980, Agricultural development: present and potential role of edible wild plants. Part 2: Sub-Saharan Africa, Report to the Department of State Agency for International Development. p 29

Grubben, G. J. H. and Denton, O. A. (eds), 2004, Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2. Vegetables. PROTA, Wageningen, Netherlands. p 167

GUPTA & KANODIA

Hani Medicine of Xishuangbanna, 1999, p 91(As Celosia cristata)

Harisha, R. P. & Padmavathy, S., 2013, Knowledge and Use of Wild Edible Plants in Two Communities in Malai Madeshwara Hills, Southern India. International Journal of Botany 9(2): 64-72.

Harter, J.(Ed.), 1988, Plants. 2400 copyright free illustrations. Dover p 16.11, 16.13 (As Celosia cristata)

Hedrick, U.P., 1919, (Ed.), Sturtevant's edible plants of the world. p 177

Henty, E.E., & Pritchard, G.S., 1973, Weeds of New Guinea and their control. Botany Bulletin No 7, Division of Botany, Lae, PNG. p 59

Hide, R., et al, 1979, A checklist of some plants in the territory of the Sinasina Nimai (Simbai Province, Papua New Guinea), with notes on their uses. Department Anthropology, University of Aukland

HOOPER (Also as Celosia cristata)

Hossain, U. & Rahman, A., 2018, Study and quantitative analysis of wild vegetable floral diversity available in Barisal district, Bangladesh. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2018, 4 (4), 362-371 (As Celosia cristata)

Hu, Shiu-ying, 2005, Food Plants of China. The Chinese University Press. p 382

Jadhav, V. D., Mahadkar, S. D. & Valvi. S. R., 2011, Documentation and ethnobotanical survey of wild edible plants from Kolhapur district. Recent Research in Science and Technology 3(12): 58-63

Jardin, C., 1970, List of Foods Used In Africa, FAO Nutrition Information Document Series No 2.p 65 (Also as Celosia cristata)

Kanis, A in Womersley, J.S., (Ed), 1978, Handbooks of the Flora of Papua New Guinea. Melbourne University Press. Vol 1. p 30

Kar, A., et al, 2013, Wild Edible Plant Resources used by the Mizos of Mizoram, India. Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology. Vol. 9, No. 1, July, 2013, 106-126

Kays, S. J., and Dias, J. C. S., 1995, Common Names of Commercially Cultivated Vegetables of the World in 15 languages. Economic Botany, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 115-152 (As Celosia cristata)

Kim, H. & Song, M., 2013, Ethnobotanical analysis for traditional knowledge of wild edible plants in North Jeolla Province (Korea). Genetic. Resour. Crop Evol. (2013) 60:1571-1585

Kumar, S. A., Manus, D. & Mallika, M., 2018, Impact of non-timber forest products on Forest and in Livelihood Economy of the People of Adjoining Areas of Jalpaiguri Forest Division, West Bengal, India. Int. J. of Life Sciences, 2018; 6 (2):365-385

Kuvar, S. D. & Shinde, R. D., 2019, Wild Edible Plants used by Kokni Tribe of Nasik District, Maharashtra. Journal of Global Biosciences. Volume 8, Number 2, 2019, pp. 5936-5945

Latham, P., 2004, Useful Plants of Bas-Congo province. Salvation Army & DFID p 73

Lautenschläger, T., et al, 2018, First large-scale ethnobotanical survey in the province of Uíge, northern Angola. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2018) 14:51

Leach, G. J., 1988, Bush Food Plants of the Blackwater and Karawari Rivers Area, East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea. Science in New Guinea 14(2). p 100

Li, D. et al, 2017, Ethnobotanical survey of herbal tea plants from the traditional markets in Chaoshan, China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 205 (2017) 195-206

Liu, Yi-tao, & Long, Chun-Lin, 2002, Studies on Edible Flowers Consumed by Ethnic Groups in Yunnan. Acta Botanica Yunnanica. 24(1):41-56

Llamas, K.A., 2003, Tropical Flowering Plants. Timber Press. p 52

Lulekal, E., et al, 2011, Wild edible plants in Ethiopia: a review on their potential to combat food insecurity. Afrika Focus - Vol. 24, No 2. pp 71-121

Macmillan, H.F. (Revised Barlow, H.S., et al), 1991, Tropical Planting and Gardening. Sixth edition. Malayan Nature Society. Kuala Lumpur. p 356

Maheshwari, J.K., & Singh, J.P., 1984, Contribution to the Ethnobotany of Bhoxa Tribe of Bijnor and Pauri Garhwal Districts, U.P. J. Econ. Tax. Bot. Vol.5. No.2 pp 253-

Manandhar, N.P., 2002, Plants and People of Nepal. Timber Press. Portland, Oregon. p 144

Marandi, R. R. & Britto, S. J., 2015, Medicinal Properties of Edible Weeds of Crop Fields and Wild plants Eaten by Oraon Tribals of Latehar District, Jharkhand. International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research. Vo. 5. (2) April 2015 (Also as Celosia cristata)

Martin, F.W. & Ruberte, R.M., 1979, Edible Leaves of the Tropics. Antillian College Press, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. p 17, 173 (Also as Celosia cristata)

Mertz, O., Lykke, A. M., and Reenberg, A., 2001, Importance and Seasonality of Vegetable Consumption and Marketing in Burkina Faso. Economic Botany, 55(2):276-289

Molla, A., Ethiopian Plant Names. http://www.ethiopic.com/aplants.htm

Mot So Rau Dai an Duoc O Vietnam. Wild edible Vegetables. Ha Noi 1994, p 34

Murtem, G. & Chaudhrey, P., 2016, An ethnobotanical note on wild edible plants of Upper Eastern Himalaya, India. Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences, 2016, v. 3, no. 5, p. 63-81

Nyadanu, D., et al, 2015, Agro-biodiversity and challenges of on-farm conservation: the case of plant genetic resources of neglected and underutilized crop species in Ghana. Genet. Resourc. Crop Evol. 62(7):

Ochse, J.J. et al, 1931, Vegetables of the Dutch East Indies. Asher reprint. p 27

Ogle, B. M., et al, 2003, Food, Feed or Medicine: The Multiple Functions of Edible Wild Plants in Vietnam. Economic Botany 57(1): 103-117

Omueti, O., 1980, Effects of age on Celosia cultivars. Expl. Agric. 16:279-286

Onuminya, T. O., et al, 2017, Comparative proximate and Phytochemical Analysis of leafy vegetables in Lagos State. Nig. J. Pure and Applied Sci. Vol. 30 Issue 3: p 3097f

Oomen, H.A.P.C., & Grubben, G.J.H., 1978, Tropical Leaf Vegetables in Human Nutrition, Communication 69, Department of Agricultural research, RTI Amsterdam, p 83, 113, 122

Paczkowska, G. & Chapman, A.R., 2000, The Western Australian Flora. A Descriptive Catalogue. Western Australian Herbarium. p 137

Patiri, B. & Borah, A., 2007, Wild Edible Plants of Assam. Geethaki Publishers. p 109

Peekel, P.G., 1984, (Translation E.E.Henty), Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists, Division of Botany, Lae, PNG. p 164, 165

Peters, C. R., O'Brien, E. M., and Drummond, R.B., 1992, Edible Wild plants of Sub-saharan Africa. Kew. p 47

Pham-Hoang Ho, 1999, An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam. Nha Xuat Ban Tre. p 726

Phon, P., 2000, Plants used in Cambodia. © Pauline Dy Phon, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. p 146

Plants for a Future database, The Field, Penpol, Lostwithiel, Cornwall, PL22 0NG, UK. http://www.scs.leeds.ac.uk/pfaf/

Plants of Haiti Smithsonian Institute http://botany.si.edu

Plowes, N. J. & Taylor, F. W., 1997, The Processing of Indigenous Fruits and other Wildfoods of Southern Africa. in Smartt, L. & Haq. (Eds) Domestication, Production and Utilization of New Crops. ICUC p 187 (As Celosia argentea var. cristata)

Powell, J.M., Ethnobotany. In Paijmans, K., 1976, New Guinea Vegetation. Australian National University Press. p 108

Pradhan, R., et al, 2020, Potential Wild Edible Plants and its Significance in Livelihood of Indigenous People of Male Mahadeshwara Hills, Karnataka. Economic Affairs Vol. 64, No. 4 pp. 01-14

Prafulla, S., 2017, Wild Food Diversity of Nawegaon-Nagzira Tiger Reserve in Gondia-Bhandara district of Maharashtra, India. Int. J. of Life Sciences, 2017, Vol. 5 (4): 620-626

Rajkalkshmi, P. et al, 2001, Total carotenoid and beta-carotene contents of forest green leafy vegetables consumed by tribals of south India. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 56:225-238

Ramachandran, V. S., 2007, Wild edible plants of the Anamalais, Coimbatore district, western Ghats, Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal or Traditional Knowledge. 6(1) pp 173-176

Rao, M. L. S., et al, 2014, Indigenous Plant Foods which are commonly consumed by the tribal communities in Dumbriguda Area of Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Biolife. Vol 2, Issue 3

Raponda-Walker, A & Sillans, R., 1961, Les Plantes Utiles du Gabon. Editions Paul Lechevalier, Paris. p 49 (Also as Celosia cristata)

Rasingam, L., 2012, Ethnobotanical studies on the wild edible plants of Irula tribes of Pillur Valley, Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. (2012) S1493-S1497

READ

Reddy, B. M., 2012, Wild edible plants of Chandrapur district, Maharashtra, India. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources. 3(1) pp 110-117

Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (1999). Survey of Economic Plants for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (SEPASAL) database. Published on the Internet; http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/ceb/sepasal/internet [Accessed 24th March 2011]

Rubaihayo, E. B., Conservation and use of traditional vegetables in Uganda. Bioversity International.

Ruffo, C. K., Birnie, A. & Tengnas, B., 2002, Edible Wild Plants of Tanzania. RELMA p 194

Sadhale, A., et al, 1991, Ethnobotanical studies of sacred grove at Ajiwali, Pune district. J. Econ. Tax. Bot. Vol. 15 No. 1 pp 167-172

SAXENA

Segnon, A. C. & Achigan-Dako, E. G., 2014, Comparative analysis of diversity and utilization of edible plants in arid and semi-arid areas in Benin. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2014, 10:80

SHANKARNARAYAN & SAXENA

SHORTT (As Celosia cristata)

Singh, H.B., Arora R.K.,1978, Wild edible Plants of India. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. p 21

Sinha, R. & Lakra, V., 2007, Edible weeds of tribals in Jharkhand, Orissa and West Bengal. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 6(1) January 2007 pp 217-222

Smith, A.C., 1981, Flora Vitiensis Nova, Lawaii, Kuai, Hawaii, Volume 2 p 284

Sp. pl. 1:205. 1753 (Also as Celosia cristata)

Staples, G.W. and Herbst, D.R., 2005, A tropical Garden Flora. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. p 101, 102 (Also as Celosia cristata)

Sujanapal, P., & Sankaran, K. V., 2016, Common Plants of Maldives. FAO & Kerala FRI, p 77

Thaman, R. R, 2016, The flora of Tuvalu. Atoll Research Bulletin No. 611. Smithsonian Institute p 62

Thiselton-Dywer, W.T., (Ed.), 1913, Flora of Tropical Africa. Vol VI-section 1. Reeve, p 18

Tindall, H.D., & Williams, J.T., 1977, Tropical Vegetables and their Genetic Resources, International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome, p 101

Tindall, H.D., 1983, Vegetables in the tropics. Macmillan p. 42

Valder, P., 1999, The Garden Plants of China. Florilegium. p 355 (As Celosia cristata)

Vartak, V.D. and Kulkarni, D.K., 1987, Monsoon wild leafy vegetables from hilly regions of Pune and neighbouring districts, Maharashtra state. J. Econ. Tax. Bot. Vol. 11 No. 2 pp 331-335

Wang, J. et al, 2013, A Study on the Utilization of Wild Plants for Food in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. Plant Diversity and Resources. 35(4): 416-471

WATT (Also as Celosia cristata)

Wijayakusuma, H.M.H., et al, 1996, Tanaman Berkhasiat Obat Di Indonesia. Pustaka Kartini. p 67 (As Celosia cristata)

Williamson, J., 2005, Useful Plants of Malawi. 3rd. Edition. Mdadzi Book Trust. p 61

Wiriadinata, H., Ethnobotany of Economic Plants in the Baliem Valley, Jayawijaya, Irian Jaya, Indonesian Institute of Science, Bogor, Indonesia

World Checklist of Useful Plant Species 2020. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

Xu, You-Kai, et al, 2004, Wild Vegetable Resources and Market Survey in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China. Economic Botany. 58(4): 647-667.

Zon, A.P.M. van der, Grubben, G.J.H., 1976, Les legumes-feuilles spontanes et cultives du Sud-Dahomey, Communication 65, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, p 41