White Guinea Yam
A tropical plant. It grows in places with a distinct dry season. Tubers have a time of dormancy. It can tolerate drought more than Greater yam (Dioscorea alata). It suits relatively heavy soils with a reasonable clay content. Rainfall of 1000-1500 mm distributed over 8-10 months is suitable.
Also known as:
Citu, Eboe yam, Eight month yam, Ghar taru, He, Ishu, Njambwa, Round white yam, White yam, Yanwaa
Synonyms
- Dioscorea rotundata Poir.
Edible Portion
- Tubers, Root, Vegetable
Where does White Guinea Yam grow?
Found in: Africa, Asia, Benin, Bougainville, Brazil, Central America, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Guinée, Haiti, India, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Martinique, New Caledonia, Nigeria, Northeastern India, Pacific, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Philippines, Puerto Rico, SE Asia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sikkim, South America, St. Vincent and Grenadines, Togo, Vanuatu, West Africa, Zambia
Notes: There are about 650 species of Dioscorea. Many prefer to keep this as a separate species.
Status: It is a commercially cultivated vegetable. The most important yam in West Africa. It has only recently been introduced to Papua New Guinea.
Growing White Guinea Yam
Cultivation: Mostly setts of tubers are used. Occasionally seeds are used. Plants can also be grown from cuttings. About 1 sq metre per plant is suitable.
Edible Uses: The tubers are cooked and eaten.
Production: Crops last 8-10 months. Tubers can be stored for several months. Tubers normally weigh 2-5 kg but can be up to 10 kg weight. Yields of 16-20 t/ha are normal. Tubers should not be stored below 15°C as chilling injury can result.
Nutrition Info
per 100g edible portionEdible Part | Energy (kcal) | Protein (g) | Iron (mg) | Vitamin A (ug) | Vitamin c (mg) | Zinc (mg) | % Water |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
- | - | - | - | - | - |
References
Abbiw, D.K., 1990, Useful Plants of Ghana. West African uses of wild and cultivated plants. Intermediate Technology Publications and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. p 27
Bourret, D., 1981, Bonnes-Plantes de Nouvelle-Caledonie et des Loyaute. ORSTOM. p 40
Brouk, B., 1975, Plants Consumed by Man. Academic Press, London. p 144
Burkill, H. M., 1985, The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 3. Kew.
Burkill, I.H., 1966, A Dictionary of the Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Vol 1 (A-H) p 837
Cobley, L.S. (rev. Steele, W.M.) 2nd Ed., 1976, An Introduction to the Botany of Tropical Crops. Longmans. p 121
Coursey, D.G., 1979, Yams, in Simmonds N.W.,(ed), Crop Plant Evolution. Longmans. London. p 70
Encycl. suppl. 3:139. 1813
Kay, D.E., 1973, Root Crops, Digest 2, Tropical Products Institute, London, p 190, 233
Kays, S. J., and Dias, J. C. S., 1995, Common Names of Commercially Cultivated Vegetables of the World in 15 languages. Economic Botany, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 115-152
Kiple, K.F. & Ornelas, K.C., (eds), 2000, The Cambridge World History of Food. CUP p 1880
Kumar, A., et al, 2012, Ethnobotanical Edible Plant Biodiversity of Lepcha Tribes. Indian Forester, 138 (9):798-803 (As Dioscorea rotundata)
Lim, T. K., 2015, Edible Medicinal and Non Medicinal Plants. Volume 9, Modified Stems, Roots, Bulbs. Springer p 38
Macmillan, H.F. (Revised Barlow, H.S., et al) 1991, Tropical Planting and Gardening. Sixth edition. Malayan Nature Society. Kuala Lumpur. p 339
Onwueme, I.C., 1978, The Tropical Tuber Crops. Wiley, p 4
Peters, C. R., O'Brien, E. M., and Drummond, R.B., 1992, Edible Wild plants of Sub-saharan Africa. Kew. p 17
Purseglove, J.W., 1972, Tropical Crops. Monocotyledons. Longmans p 107
Schneider, E., 2001, Vegetables from Amaranth to Zucchini: The essential reference. HarperCollins. p 712
Segnon, A. C. & Achigan-Dako, E. G., 2014, Comparative analysis of diversity and utilization of edible plants in arid and semi-arid areas in Benin. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2014, 10:80
Sharma, B.B., 2005, Growing fruits and vegetables. Publications Division. Ministry of Information and broadcasting. India. p 238
Smith, K., 1998. Growing Uncommon Fruits and Vegetables. New Holland. p 20
Tindall, H.D., 1983, Vegetables in the Tropics, Macmillan p 217
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Available: www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/econ.pl (10 April 2000)
Vickery, M.L. and Vickery, B., 1979, Plant Products of Tropical Africa, Macmillan. p 15
Walter, A. & Lebot, V., 2007, Gardens of Oceania. ACIAR Monograph No. 122 p. 94